Baby Guinea Pig Care: Feeding, Milestones and Daily Routine

You just brought home a tiny baby guinea pig, or maybe your sow surprised you with a litter. Either way, these little ones need careful attention from day one.

Baby guinea pigs weigh between 70 and 115 grams at birth and look like miniature adults, born with fur and open eyes. They’re fragile, though.

About 20% of guinea pig pregnancies end with complications for the mother.

Below is everything on pregnancy, newborn care, and what to expect as your baby guinea pig grows.

How Long Are Guinea Pigs Pregnant?

Guinea pigs are pregnant between 59 and 72 days.

Usually, a guinea pig will deliver between one and six babies, with an average of 3. However, abortions and stillbirths commonly occur among guinea pigs during their breeding lives.

Is Guinea Pig Pregnancy Safe for the Mother?

You might think that pregnancy is easy for rodents, but that’s not true. For guinea pigs, pregnancy can be very difficult.

On average, in about 20% of pregnancies, the mother dies while giving birth to her guinea pig babies.

The flip side? 80% of pregnancies end happily with healthy newborns running around.

Still, complications are common enough that you should be prepared for vet bills and a stressed-out mama.

If you decide to breed your guinea pig, make sure she’s young enough. Female guinea pigs older than six months have their hip bones too close to allow easy birth.

Remember that you should separate the males as soon as they’re three weeks old because they can procreate with their mothers at that time. Yes, male guinea pigs reach sexual maturity that early in their life!

Separate brothers to prevent them from fighting against one another.

The mother guinea pig continues to be at risk for medical complications for days after giving birth, so make sure to observe her. Keep a close eye on her for the next two to three weeks that she needs to wean her babies.

How Many Babies Do Guinea Pigs Have?

A guinea pig usually has between one and six babies, with an average of 3. Guinea pig litters most commonly contain two, three, or four pups.

Rarely the mother gives birth to more than six babies at a time. However, abortions and stillbirths often happen among guinea pigs during their breeding lives.

What Do Baby Guinea Pigs Look Like?

Litter size directly affects individual pup size. More siblings means smaller babies across the board.

Usually, in litters of 2 to 4, baby guinea pigs weigh between 70 and 115g.

A baby guinea pig looks like an adult guinea pig, just much more fragile and smaller. Guinea pigs come precocial to this world: they’re born with their coat of fur, with eyes open wide.

They can move about, and they can hear.

Baby guinea pigs can chew, as they’re born with all 20 teeth in their tiny mouths. So yes, baby guinea pigs can eat solid food right away.

Don’t feed baby guinea pigs solid food yet though, because they need their mother’s milk the most during the first two weeks after birth.

These teeth will continue to grow continuously throughout their lives. Your job will be to provide your guinea pigs with foods and toys that help them keep their teeth trimmed and prevent overgrowth.

Baby guinea pigs’ paws and heads aren’t proportional to their bodies, which gives them that extra adorable look.

How to Baby-Proof a Guinea Pig Cage

Whether you adopted pups from a shelter or your sow surprised you with a litter, the cage needs to be baby-proofed immediately.

Get An Appropriately-Sized Cage

These pups grow fast. Start with a cage that accommodates their rapid growth from day one.

If you’re looking for accuracy, the cage should be around 7.5 square feet.

A cage of this size may appear too large for pups. However, your baby guinea pigs will be grateful for all the additional space.

Since it’s recommended not to separate the mother from her baby guinea pigs, it’s better to have a much larger cage to provide your pets with all the comfort they need.

Secure the Escape Routes

Most cages are built with adult guinea pigs in mind, which means there are many opportunities for pups to escape. The last thing you want is your baby guinea pigs escaping through the space between the bars.

To ensure this doesn’t happen, buy a cage with a deep bottom panel. The added depth makes it difficult for the pups to escape because their minute sizes make them terrible climbers.

If you don’t want to spend extra money on a cage, you can secure the spaces between bars with cable ties.

Buy an Additional Water Bottle

You’ll need to adjust the height of the water bottle. Although newborn baby guinea pigs feed on their mother’s milk, they still need water.

Since the pups are small, it’s difficult for them to reach the sipper. If you adjust the height to accommodate the baby guinea pigs, the mother will suffer since the sipper will be too low for her and vice versa.

Buy an additional water bottle to provide both the mother and the babies with easy access to clean drinking water.

How to Handle Baby Guinea Pigs

Worried the mother will reject her babies if you touch them? She won’t.

That’s a myth.

Touching or handling the baby guinea pig right after birth won’t cause their mother to love them any less. If anything, it’ll only teach the mother to trust her human caretakers even more.

Don’t forget to wear gloves, especially if the baby guinea pigs are only a couple of hours old. Baby guinea pigs might be carriers of various bacteria that can spread to other guinea pigs and to humans.

Unless you’re completely sure of the germ-free status of the younglings, it’s better to approach them with caution.

How to Identify the Gender of Newborn Guinea Pigs

Plenty of online guides explain how to sex newborn guinea pigs, but honestly, if you’re new to this, ask a vet or experienced breeder to do it.

Identifying gender is an important step since guinea pigs become sexually active within three weeks of age. That’s the main reason we recommend asking a vet or an experienced guinea pig breeder.

While female guinea pigs can stay together and with their mother, you don’t want to keep brothers together. Male guinea pigs can easily start a fight, and they can impregnate their mothers as soon as they’re three weeks old.

Don’t keep young male guinea pigs above three weeks old with their mothers. If you keep the two genders together, you risk constant fights and unwanted pregnancies.

Do Guinea Pigs Eat Their Babies?

A guinea pig mother will nurse the pups until they’re ready to fend for themselves. However, a guinea pig mother sometimes eats her babies.

It’s heartbreaking to witness. But it doesn’t happen randomly.

Every case has an explanation behind it.

The birth of a guinea pig is instantly followed by vigorous licking on the mother’s behalf. This is an attention-grabbing technique.

The lack of action pushes the mother to use her teeth, which damages the delicate skin of the baby.

Another reason for cannibalism is malnourishment. Unlike humans, guinea pigs don’t lose weight when they’re malnourished.

They often maintain their chubby-like appearance while lacking essential nutrients.

A poor diet can be a contributing factor. When a mother is malnourished, she’ll make up for the lack of vitamins by eating her babies.

It’s a gruesome process, but you can easily avoid it by listening to experienced breeders and heeding their advice. You can also ask your trusted vet for help.

What Are the Dietary Needs of Guinea Pig Babies?

For young pups, nursing is extremely important. Although they can start taking solid foods right after opening their eyes, they still require their mother’s milk.

The nursing period lasts for around two to three weeks.

If you’ve adopted your guinea pig pet before it’s turned three weeks, maybe when it’s only a few days old, you can still take care of the pups by feeding them water mixed with evaporated milk.

Soak pellets in water and feed the softened mush to your guinea pigs for the first couple of days.

You can also use a feeding tube or a syringe to fulfill the dietary needs of your pups.

Sounds like a lot of work, right? It only lasts a couple of days since pups start nibbling solid food surprisingly early.

How To Take Care of Baby Guinea Pigs

With proper nutrition and care, your guinea pig can live six to seven years. Good habits start right now in the pup stage.

Socializing Is Important

Separating a pup from its litter, even briefly, can backfire. Guinea pigs are deeply social animals.

The family could disassociate from the pup(s), label them as strangers, and condemn them to loneliness.

Pups need to be within their community for as long as possible to develop a feeling of trust. The best you can do for baby guinea pigs is keep the entire litter together for around two weeks.

You can create same-sex groups and socialize your pups based on their gender. After that, it’s better to separate the pups from the litter.

Entertainment and Exercises

Tiny but explosive. Young guinea pigs are pure energy in a miniature package.

The frenzied jumping and bouncing even has a name: “popcorning.” It looks exactly like it sounds.

Guinea pigs do need a lot of space to run around. So you may need to invest in an outdoor hutch that promotes natural grazing habits.

If the outdoor atmosphere isn’t possible, you can provide them with enough indoor space where they can roam around freely. Just make sure there aren’t any gaps or holes through which the younglings can make a daring escape.

Comfortable Environment

As long as you provide your guinea pigs with a safe and quiet space, they’ll be happy. Guinea pigs are extremely sensitive to loud noises and will usually hide if someone disturbs their peace.

To avoid accidents, it’s better to provide your litter with individual bedding where they can retreat in case of any distressing situation.

Keep their hutch away from direct sunlight. Make the hutch waterproof and damp-proof as baby guinea pigs are sensitive to any weather extremes.

During the wintertime, supply the hutches with extra bedding to keep the baby guinea pigs warm and cozy.

For the bedding, avoid any fluffy material as it can trap and injure guinea pigs’ limbs. The ideal filling is hay since it’s at the top of the food pyramid for guinea pigs.

You can also stuff the bedding with wood shavings, but avoid cedar shavings at all costs since they can cause health issues.

Whatever material you choose for the bedding, always make sure it’s dust-free.

Keep Guinea Pigs Healthy

You can easily tell a healthy and a sick guinea pig baby apart. Healthy ones are active and alert with a good shiny coat.

One of the most common problems ailing the guinea community is bumblefoot. This happens when a bacterial infection affects one of the limbs and makes it swell up.

The reasons could be many, but a leading cause of bumblefoot is unclean bedding. The lack of cleanliness or the presence of dust in the hutch can also contribute to eye problems, matted coats, and mange.

You need to look for dental problems as well since too many sweet treats can damage the enamel.

To deal with everything, you should invest in good bedding material. Keep the hutch clean and regularly groom the coats to avoid matting.

How to Train Baby Guinea Pigs

Litter Training

Litter training a guinea pig sounds impossible, but patience and treats make it surprisingly doable.

Treats in abundance are bad, but for training, you’ll need to use treats to reward the litter whenever they show little progress.

To make baby guinea pigs use the litter box, you need to mix new bedding with the older one to keep the smell intact. The lingering smell will act as a trail guinea pigs will follow whenever they face nature’s call.

Once a pup accomplishes this task, you need to reward this behavior immediately. In anticipation of rewards, the baby cavies will slowly make it a habit of using the litter box whenever needed.

Be careful with this strategy since too many treats can have an adverse reaction on your guinea litter.

Come When Called

You can also train your baby cavies to come when called. It may seem difficult, but it’s one of the easiest tricks in the book!

Before you start the training, you need to make sure the pups are familiar with the surroundings and are comfortable around you.

The first step is to put your guinea pig at a distance and hold out a treat. Once they notice the treat, call them to you by any desired name.

It’ll take a lot of training sessions before they start responding to their names.

How to Bathe a Baby Guinea Pig

Bath time requires some care. Regular soap and shampoo are off the table for guinea pigs.

Regular bathing is a big no-no for pups since they have natural oils and you’ll just be washing the oils away. This could lead to over-drying or other skin-related issues.

Since baby cavies are quite gentle and fragile, you need to create a checklist and follow the guidelines for a better experience.

Preparation

To start the process, you’ll need to buy a specialized guinea pig shampoo. Then, you’ll need a large-sized towel.

Don’t forget a small plastic cup. You’ll need this to gently pour water on the pups.

Washing Time

Don’t immediately jump to the washing part. Since you’re dealing with new pups, you’ll need to introduce them to water.

Gently place the pups into the water and give them all the time they need to adjust to their new environment.

Start by gently pouring water over their bodies and avoid the face and neck area. Using a tiny amount of shampoo, lather up your guinea pigs and wash it all off in a gentle manner.

If you sense your pups are getting nervous, you need to calm their nerves by offering treats.

Drying

Using a large towel, pat the guinea pigs dry. You can also gently rub their bodies with a towel to get rid of the moisture.

We don’t recommend using a hairdryer since they can get really hot pretty quickly.

Once satisfied with your progress, you can transfer the guinea pigs back into their cages for the natural drying process. Just make sure their cages are clean.

Otherwise, it’ll defeat the entire purpose of bathing.

How to Clean a Guinea Pig Cage

Neglected cages lead to health problems. Period.

Vets recommend daily cleaning for baby guinea pigs.

It might seem like an additional burden, but it’s just a small responsibility for ensuring the healthy growth of your pups.

Start by removing all the bedding. Take a small dustpan and remove dirty hays, droppings, and any other trash.

You can also use a small vacuum to accomplish this step.

Once you’ve removed all the dirty bits, take a damp cloth and run it across the surface. While you’re at it, you can also deal with dried-up soiled sections with the damp rag.

Then take any non-hazardous cleaning spray and use it to thoroughly clean the surface. Don’t go overboard with this step since it could irritate the delicate litter.

After this, replace the bedding with cleaner ones, load up their food, and change the water. This process will make your baby cavies one happy litter!

Are Baby Guinea Pigs Good Pets?

The answer depends on you! Guinea pigs make great pets.

Before getting a litter or adult guinea pig, you need to keep in mind that they can live for up to seven or eight years. That’s much longer than your child’s interest!

To counter such situations, it’s better to involve an adult from the start. If the child loses interest, there will still be someone taking care of the aging guinea pigs.

Involving an adult should be the standard approach since kids may have trouble with supervising or cleaning the pups/sows.

Final Thoughts

Raising a litter isn’t easy. You’ll need to make many adjustments to make sure your guinea pigs lead a healthy, happy, and fulfilled life.

The good news is that baby guinea pigs grow quickly and become more independent each week. With the right setup, proper nutrition, and daily attention, you’ll watch them thrive.

Start with a baby-proofed cage, keep the litter together for the first few weeks, and stay on top of daily cleaning. That foundation sets your pups up for a long, healthy life.